Excavator main pump

  The Excavator main pump is the core component of the excavator's hydraulic system and is responsible for powering the excavator's various movements. The following is a detailed analysis of the main pump of the excavator:

  First, Function & Importance

  The main function of the main pump of the excavator is to convert the mechanical energy of the engine into hydraulic energy, and transmit it to the various actuators of the excavator, such as buckets, booms, slewing devices, etc., through the hydraulic system, so as to drive these mechanisms to complete various actions. It is a key component for the normal operation of the excavator, which directly affects the performance, efficiency and reliability of the excavator.

  Second, type and structure

  There are various types of excavator main pumps, which can be divided into the following types according to the working principle and structural characteristics:

  1. Gear pump: The meshing and separation of the gears are used to change the working volume, so as to realize the suction and discharge of hydraulic oil. The gear pump has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture and maintain, but the flow and pressure fluctuate greatly, making it suitable for low-pressure, low-flow hydraulic systems.

  2. Piston pump: The working volume is changed by the reciprocating motion of the plunger in the cylinder, which has the characteristics of high pressure, large flow and high efficiency. The piston pump has a complex structure, but stable performance, and is suitable for high-pressure, high-flow hydraulic systems.

  3. Vane pump: The rotation and sliding of the blades in the rotor groove are used to change the working volume, so as to realize the suction and discharge of hydraulic oil. The vane pump has the advantages of simple structure, small size, light weight and low noise, and is suitable for medium and low pressure, medium and small flow hydraulic systems.

  In terms of structure, the main pump of the excavator is usually composed of the pump body, rotor, blades or plunger, distribution plate and other components. The material, machining accuracy and assembly quality of these components have a direct impact on the performance and service life of the pump.

  Third, how it works

  The working principle of the main pump of the excavator mainly relies on the rotation of the rotor to drive the reciprocating motion of the blades or plunger, so as to change the working volume in the pump body and realize the suction and discharge of hydraulic oil. In the suction stage, the volume in the pump body increases, forming a negative pressure and sucking the hydraulic oil in; During the discharge phase, the volume in the pump body decreases, creating a positive pressure that discharges the hydraulic oil. By continuously sucking in and out the hydraulic oil, the excavator main pump provides continuous power for the various movements of the excavator.

  Fourth, performance characteristics

  1. High pressure and high efficiency: The main pump of the excavator usually has high working pressure and efficiency, which can meet the power needs of the excavator under complex working conditions.

  2. Wear-resistant and durable: Critical components such as pump bodies, rotors, vanes, or plungers are usually manufactured with high-quality materials and have undergone precision machining and heat treatment for good wear resistance and durability.

  3. Good sealing: The main pump of the excavator usually adopts advanced sealing technology, such as lip seal, gap seal, etc., to ensure the tightness of the hydraulic oil and prevent leakage and pollution.

  4. Strong adaptability: The main pump of the excavator can adapt to different working environments and working conditions, such as high temperature, low temperature, humidity, dusty and other environments, as well as heavy load, shock, vibration and other working conditions.

  Fifth, Application & Maintenance

  The main pump of the excavator is widely used in various types of excavators to provide power for the bucket, boom, slewing and other actions of the excavator. During use, the main pump of the excavator needs to be checked and maintained regularly, including cleaning, lubrication, replacement of wear parts, etc., to ensure the normal operation of the pump and prolong the service life. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to keeping the hydraulic system clean and dry to prevent hydraulic oil contamination and leakage.

Hydraulic pump for excavators

Excavator hydraulic pump types