Hydraulic Structure Of Excavator

Hydraulic structure of excavator

A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts, power components, actuators, control components, parts and hydraulic oil.

The role of the power element is to convert the mechanical energy of the prime mover into the pressure energy of the liquid. It refers to the oil pump in the hydraulic system, which provides power to the entire hydraulic system. The structure of the hydraulic pump is generally gear pump, vane pump and piston pump.

The function of the actuator (such as hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motor) is to convert the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy, and drive the load to perform linear reciprocating or rotary motion.

Control elements ( various hydraulic valves) control and regulate the pressure, flow, and direction of the liquid in the hydraulic system. According to different control functions, hydraulic valves can be divided into village force control valves, flow control valves and directional control valves. Pressure control valves are further divided into flow control valves (relief valves), pressure reducing valves, sequence valves, pressure relays, etc.; flow control valves include throttle valves, regulating valves, diverter manifolds, etc.; directional control valves include check valves, Hydraulically controlled check valve, shuttle valve, directional valve, etc. According to different control methods, hydraulic valves can be divided into on-off control valves, fixed value control valves and proportional control valves.

Auxiliary components include oil tank, oil filter, oil pipe and pipe joint, seal ring, pressure gauge, oil level oil thermometer and so on.

Hydraulic oil is the working medium that transfers energy in the hydraulic system. There are various types of mineral oil, emulsion and synthetic hydraulic oil.

working principle

Pascal principle

The Pascal principle is a static principle,

For "ideal hydraulic":

1. The "ideal hydraulic" in a closed container transmits the pressure to its surface in all directions;

2, the transmission of speed is based on the principle of "equal volume change";

3, the pressure of the hydraulic is established by the external load

2. Conservation of energy.