Hydraulic pump parts

Hydraulic pump as the core power element of the hydraulic system, the design and performance of hydraulic pump key parts directly affect the system efficiency and reliability.

First, the core components and functions

1, the pump body and pump casing

Role: as the peripheral support structure of the hydraulic pump to accommodate the rotating parts, the formation of a closed oil chamber, to withstand the internal pressure.

Material: usually high-strength alloy steel or cast iron, to ensure pressure resistance and fatigue resistance.

2、Drive shaft and rotor

Drive shaft: connects the motor and pump body, transmits mechanical power, and needs to have high torsional rigidity to withstand transient impact loads.

Rotor:

Gear pump: by the active gear and driven gear meshing to achieve volume change.

Vane pumps: rotor with movable vanes, forming a sealed volume by centrifugal force.

Plunger pump: the plunger reciprocates in the cylinder to realize high-pressure output.

3、Sealing device

Role: prevent oil leakage, maintain system pressure, commonly used rubber, fluorine rubber or PTFE materials.

Key point:

Axial seal: prevent leakage between drive shaft and pump body.

Sealing of flow distribution disk: The sealing between the flow distribution disk and the cylinder body in the piston pump directly affects the volumetric efficiency.

4、Import and export valves and flow distribution mechanism

Check valve: gear pumps through the gear meshing to realize automatic opening and closing, vane pumps and piston pumps need to be set up separately.

Flow distribution disk: the core component of piston pump, control the suction and discharge of oil through the girdle-shaped groove and the plunger cavity of the through and through.

5、Variable control mechanism (unique to variable pump)

Role: Adjust the swashplate inclination or swing angle to realize stepless change of displacement.

Type:

Manual adjustment: adjusted by mechanical linkage.

Electro-hydraulic proportional control: automatically adjusted according to the load feedback, energy saving effect is remarkable.

Second, the impact of key components on performance

1, volumetric efficiency

Influencing factors: plunger clearance, flow distribution disk wear, seal aging.

Data reference: volumetric efficiency of new pump ≥95%, should be ≥85% after 2000 hours of use.

2、Pressure pulsation

Gear pump: flow pulsation, pressure pulsation coefficient up to 5% ~ 8%.

Vane pump: double acting vane pump pressure pulsation coefficient can be reduced to 2%~3%.

Piston pump: by optimizing the pre-boost angle of the distribution plate can reduce the pulsation.

3、Noise level

Gear pump: noise mainly comes from gear meshing impact, up to 85dB(A).

Vane pump: noise is about 75dB(A), suitable for noise-sensitive occasions.

Piston pump: high noise under high pressure working condition, need to install muffler or silent design.

Third, maintenance and troubleshooting

1、Common faults

No oil or insufficient pressure:

Causes: broken drive shaft, clogged suction filter element, malfunction of variable mechanism.

Treatment: Replace the shaft parts, clean the filter element, overhaul the variable mechanism.

Excessive noise:

Reason: air leakage from suction pipe, bearing damage, wear of flow distribution disk.

Treatment: tighten the joints, replace the bearings, grind the flow distribution disk.

Leakage:

Causes: aging seals, worn bushings, cracked housing.

Treatment: Replace the seal, repair the shaft sleeve, weld or replace the pump body.

Above is the introduction of hydraulic pump parts, if you have the need, please feel free to contact us, we will provide you with satisfactory service.

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