The difference between electric and hydraulic motors

The debate between the two most popular linear actuator designs has been raging for many years and it doesn't look like there will be any resolution any time soon. Whichever camp you happen to be in, whether you are a proponent of the electric or hydraulic motor style, you must acknowledge that both designs perform the same function. Each linear actuator has its own advantages and disadvantages that put them ahead of their peers in their particular field, but they are often difficult to identify and compare. Before you discuss which is better, you should make sure you know how they actually work.

I. Definition of electric and hydraulic motors

An electric motor is an electric linear actuator that converts electrical energy into torque by connecting the motor to a screw, which then rotates against a fixed ball nut or threaded guide. As the screw rotates, the nut is driven along the threads, thereby generating torque. The direction of movement of the nut depends on the direction of rotation of the screw and is also used to return the actuator to its original position.

Hydraulic motors are designed to work in a different way with these actuators. The pressure from the incompressible fluid causes the piston to move inside the cylinder. As the pressure increases, the cylinder moves along the axis of the piston, thus generating a linear force. Rebound forces or fluid entering the other side force the piston back to its original position. Hydraulic motors are some of the most reliable and powerful actuators available today and are widely used in domestic and industrial systems and machinery.

II. Benefits of electric and hydraulic motors

Benefits of electric motors: Electric motors offer the most precise and easily controlled positioning. The settings are easily scalable for any purpose or force required. They are quiet, smooth and easily repeatable. The electrical systems can be networked and reprogrammed very quickly. They also provide instant feedback for diagnostic and maintenance purposes.

Benefits of hydraulic motors: The hydraulic design is reliable, robust and ideal for a wide range of high force applications. Their size can produce incredible forces; up to 25 times greater than similarly sized pneumatic designs. The hydraulic motor design allows more structural flexibility because of their resilience and their system's ability to place the pump and motor a long way from the main system components. Hydraulic motors can maintain torque and force at constant levels without the need to supply additional fluid/pressure to the pump. With working pressures of up to 4,000 psi, hydraulic systems can handle a larger range of system specifications.